Hong Kong and Chongqing Air Pollution

Air Pollution Observation between Hong Kong and Chongqing set off 1 General Picture of Hong Kong and Chongqing and Meaning of Comparing A only host of similarities between Hong Kong and Chongqing make this thesiss aiming to exploit air pollution and approaches governments grow more pragmatic and meaningful. Among the aforementioned similarities, the geographical ones could be treated as lurking causes of air pollution and other relative issues. Hence, this part is intended to grammatical case a general delineation of this aspect of things in common.The cities of Chongqing and Hong Kong are twain set(p) at hilly areas that are highly opulated, with buildings and major highways located very close to slopes and earth- retaining structures. Landslides and rockfalls are very common in two cities, and large expenditures are being incurred by both Governments on the investigation, see and implementation of mitigation and preventive measures to reduce the likelihood of the loss of fe eling and economic losses due to landslides. Both Hong Kong and Chongqing have a wet subtropical climate.Summer is hot and wet with occasional showers and thunderstorms, and warm air approach path from the southwest. Summer is when typhoons are most likely, sometimes resulting in flooding or andslides. Winters are mild and usually start sunny, becoming cloudier towards February the occasional rimed front brings strong, cooling winds from the north. The most temperate seasons are spring, which can be changeable, and autumn, which is generally sunny and dry. Hong Kong averages 1,948 hours of blitheness per year, while the highest and lowest ever record temperatures at the Hong Kong Observatory are 36. oc (97. 0 OF) and 0. 0 oc (32. 0 OF), respectively. On the other hand, known as one of the Three Furnaces of the Yangtze River, Chongqing has a monsoon- nfluenced humid subtropical climate, and for most of the year experiences very humid conditions. Besides, its summers are ache an d among the hottest and most humid in China, with highs of 33 to 34 oc (91 to 93 OF) in July and August in the urban area. Winters are short and somewhat mild, further damp and overcast. Because the citys location is in the Sichuan Basin, Chongqing has one of the lowest annual sunshine nationally.The fgure is only 1,055 hours, which is much lower than some nations of Northern Europe. (Wikipedia Chongqing) Chongqing is adjacent to northeastward part of Sichuan province, and the area of this city is over 23,000 km2 with 5million population. Chongqing is one of the most begrime cities in China from 1981 to 1996, S02 (Sulfur Dioxide) emissions were about 800,000 tons, and TSP (Total Suspended Particulates) emissions were about 200,000 tons per year. The cursory concentration of S02 reached to 0. 26-0. 49mg/m3, which is 3-7 times higher than the Class II national pattern of air quality

A Passing of the Torch; Europe from 1500-1800

A Passing of the Torch atomic number 63 from 1500-1800 When you measurement back and observe history from afar youre missing resolve of the story. Observing the rise of europium, you can non simply flummox into account it happened. To understand the bulge issuegoing you need to look into past, in documents and first-hand accounts to observe the underlining issues. To best explain the study shift in slide fastener from the Indian Ocean Basin to the coupling Atlantic in 1500 to 1800 you save to observe the universe and the pot in context. europium is an underdog to rise to the top.Having just experiencing the worst of the unrelenting Death wiping out a majority of its populations, a tragedy in all senses, move into a blessing. It sparked the scientific revolution inspiring the Europeans to shift their views towards loveledge and stripping (Reilly, 434) . Sprinting ahead, Europe took the world by surprise. With their footing in a sensitive world the opportunities were endless. Exhausting their colonies at its full potential, with the cash crop, sugar they were sufficient to revolutionize commerce into a representative model of modern trade.The Europeans werent the only ones making radical changes in the time. The Confucian Scholars were forcing Chinese to campaign inward and were eliminating commerce (Kristof, 551). Shifting of energy from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean Europe gained violence in the era through ii main triggers, the scientific revolution and the developments of the sugar plantations in the refreshing world. To repair understand whats happening with Europe in the 1500s and subsequent you need to also look back at the past and go to where they have been and the events leading up to the beginning of a bracing era in European success and disc overy.When you examine Europe today they ar one of the worlds drawing cards, less than a thousand years ago the now prominent country was spiraling down, on the door of dem ise. In the mid-fourteenth century the Bubonic Plague, also cognise as the smutty Death, originated somewhere in Asia and progressively scatter though out Europe, the just round East and North Africa. Without doubt it became the greatest health disaster to view mass graves were being dug to compensate for the dead. The Plague spread like wildfire wiping out an estimated one-fourth to one-third of the population (Reilly, 436).With no known source of treatment available or why the disease was spread head the Europeans turned to what they knew best, Religion. The Christian consensus was that God had bestowed the plague as a withering judgment with the meaning of punishing the inflicted for his sins. People tried anything to avoid their look inevitable deaths, from walking around with incense to mask the wreaking stench of death, fleeing from their homes to breakthrough unaffiliated areas, or well-nigh commonly turning to God. The priest with the debt instrument of serving t he people, considered holy and without sin, were the main care takers of the stricken.Unsurprisingly, they too needed to be cared for, for they as well, contracted the disease joining their following to the death beds. We know today that the Black Death was non a punishment from god, only when at the time, they had only to believe what the church told them (Reilly, 460). As priest died on base the commoners their belief system was shattered. It was common of the time to believe what the church had told them and take it as true. For instance the church stated that the earth was the center of the universe, and it was heresy to state otherwise.With the church being proven legal injury, people began to look superficial for new knowledge. Without visiting a dark ravine, one cannot understand how deep the earth is , just like Emperor Taizong said Europe began looking at at the world to discover the truths what is now known as the scientific Revolution and the beginning of their rest oration. Today, it is impossible to think about Modern multiplication and the way we wear without thinking about science. We have pushed the scientific motility to our limits, and now reap the benefits, from cars, phones, to healthcare. The scientific revolution really lives up to its name.It truly was revolutionary, the standard of knowledge in the Modern world. The revolution can be traced back to Europe in a dispirit search for new understanding. Looking outward-bound for answers from other countries such as the Muslim world and china, who already had beginnings of scientific thought, a sense of discovery and development inspired the Europeans. In the year 1492, brooming in search of new discovery, specifically a new trade route to chinaware, Columbus had stumbled on a trip upmingly endless supply of natural resources, land, and opportunity. It was called America.Entirely changing the way the quaint Greeks had depicted the world, helping enlighten the people that common kn owledge was wrong (Goldstone 715-716). The Scientific Revolution and the desire to reach for new understanding that came with it pushed the Europeans. right away doubting all they had been taught before tested the fabrics of their society, the discovery of America was the most significant aspect of the shift of energy into the Atlantic Ocean. This was exactly what Europe needed. Now having the mass amounts of resources, to utilize the discovery they required manpower.Slaves were the utter(a) hawkshaw for procuring the workforces they required. Where better to look than Africa? Packed with able bodied men, the African tribes scatty in the efficacy to retaliate, found their freedom relinquished crammed into unsanitary, overcrowded hard worker channels (Mintz, 47). Martinique, a sugar plantation located on the island Lesser Antilles located in the Caribbean Sea, is an example of where they could have landed (Martinique, 628). In the drawing, Field Gang, you can see the sugar pla ntation, a large field being worked by a multitude of black workers and one controlling master watching over them, the multitude of slaves.To compensate for the disparity in the work force, the plantation owners had revolutionized the litigate in which they operated their plantations. Specialized tasks were given to each worker to increase efficiency. This metier resembled the earliest forms of assembly line. However, instead of the machines we have today, they had an agro energy focus. This means that the plantations shifted toward the enjoyment of human energy over the use of machinery (In Class).Unknowingly the systems used on plantations translated in a flash to the factories which began to pop up in the urban cities. At the end of the Black Death, Europe was a country in chaotic state. They were looking for a change and this desire paved the way. With a lack of populous, the lords of the current system, serfhood collapsed with little to no one to work the fields. Unlike the ir competitors Europe locomote into the cities in search of opportunity (In Class). Drawing from their experiences in the sugar plantation, and the slave trade the Europeans became the frontier in production.Springing up in the industrial cities, factories vie a large part of the shifting of energy to Europe, with them, goods and services could be provided with a significantly lower cost and at more businesslike rates. This without a doubt gave them an edge over the competition. With the coming times, Europe in the sense of the world scope began to break into the picture. The Transatlantic Trade, shipping of goods in the midst of Europe and its colonies, strike out the stage for the shift of energy to the Atlantic Ocean. Allowed glide path to the resources in the mod World causality benefited the colonizers with the cheapest production of desirables.It also set for a sense of manifest destiny for the country (In Class). In goal this marked the beginnings of modern society de veloping. The question of the era is why Europe? A country stricken by plague, the collapse of feudalism, and lacking in internal stability in the form of natural resources or people happens to be the perfect candidate. The desire for knowledge and their desire to look outward fit the bill perfectly. To make the circumstances even more perfect China lost its edge in the commerce propelling Europe ahead.David Christian writes in his essay World History in consideration One of the aims of world history is to see the history of human beings as a single, coherent story, rather than as a collection of the peculiar(prenominal) stories of different communities. When looking at the rise of Europe as a superpower in the world, you cant focus on the unique(p) efforts and happenings of Europe. The rest of the world had an influence on the future. The shift in energy wasnt only accountable to the success of Europe, notably looking at China you can see the ties between the two. For Centuries China had been a leader in commerce and trade.They assembled the largest take place known to date consisting of over 3500 ships which had the capabilities to sail across the Pacific enabling the most secure and cost cost-efficient form of trade. The Merchants of this era were prospering but all good things have to come to an end. After the death of the Yongle Empire in 1424, a sputter for power out broke internally. Under suspicious circumstances the replacement to the empire who was selected to rule the country died. The Confusion Scholars ceased control of the country introducing new policy and deep-rooted idealisms of their ancestors.Trying to turn the focus of the country inward by 1500 they dissembled the entire fleet, destroyed the records, and made it illegal for any ship to be constructed with more than two masts. By 1525 any ocean going ship had to be destroyed. Along with the disappearance of a great Chinese fleet the ports in India, it marked one of historys biggest lost opportunities. Without the ability of merchants to export their goods, they fell from their former glory. To add burden to this the Scholars viewed them as incumbent evils at best (Kristoff, 555-556).Also their country already vastly spread out over thousands of miles of land, contained almost all the necessary natural resources to self-sustain itself and found no need to search elsewhere for goods. Europe on the other hand, lacked in many natural resources, which cause the need for colonization and expansion of their limits. Chinas unwillingness to become a global market, unlike Europe, cut their chances of being at the top of the era (In Class). Instigating the shift in power during the era in question, the scientific revolution and developments made in the New World, lead to a drastic change in history.Imagine if Europe had not been affected by the Bubonic Plague. We might never have explored outward to the Americas leaving the Native population to expand. It serves evide nce to the fact that changing split of the past would alter the future. If it wasnt for the fact that Europe had rose to power. It is not irrational to assume many of the discoveries made in this time would differ. We live in the world we do today, because the shift in energy brought about from the scientific revolution and the developments with the sugar plantations, lead to the passing of the torch from China to Europe.

Hebrew and Islamic Mythology Essay

While science and religion be notorious for their contentious and much violently contrasting relationship, they bear much in common in their agenda. Both set out to fork up comments for the worlds mysteries. And as such, they overly share a large hand of unanswered questions. mayhap chief among them, the question of the basiss inception, and by extension, hu earthly concernkinds ascension to awareness, is one with very few empirical explanations. And in an absence of any conclusive evidence, theories abound from in all camps.A common describe in hi spirit levels chapters, myths regarding the estates conception countenance insight into the lives and cultures of their respective societies. In western society, the Judeo-Christian anecdote is soft the most well-known. This story is the primary hu creation universesist mythology for many a(prenominal) monotheistic sects. Herein, graven image creates the earth in six days, with man arriving on the last. On the seventh day, the omnipotent rests and frankincense, de coloreds man the Sabbath.However, in the centuries that preceded the inflection point where monotheism began to take popular hold, polytheistic idolaters provided the most commonly held ideas about the earths origin. One of the soonest examples of the literate and elaborated nature that these myths could take on comes from the rich arras of Greek mythology. The Greeks were idol-worshippers who had developed a complex and extremely colorful aver of gods. Though not omnipotent like the Judeo-Christian almighty, these gods were believed to possess sure and considerable great power over the lives of their human subjects.The Greek myth of creation is an exposition of that relationship. It was believed that, prior to earth, there was nothing only darkness. And amid this darkness, the only end was a black-winged bird called Nyx. This bird, alone in the void, was impregnated by the wind. (Note the parallel to the impeccable conception of Christ. ). As a result of this cosmic union, she yielded a flourishing egg, which she proceeded to roost upon for many thousands of years. Eventually, this egg hatched and the god of love, Eros, sprang forth.Just as Eros was born, so too were his siblings, whom he was minded(p) the honor of naming. They were the stop number and lower halves of his shell, which rose to the air and sank to the ground respectively. They became the sky and the earth. Eros called them Uranus and atomic number 32 and blessed them with love. This love resulted in children and grandchildren who would blossom into twisted, war-bent gods whose better judgment would be often blinded by a hopeless quest for power.A first-generation child of Gaia and Uranus, Kronus took a wife in Rhea and produced many children, whom he grew to fear immensely. Kronus, a problem-solver by nature, swallowed his children art object they were still infants, frankincense preventing what he considered to be the inevitable threat of usurpation. The youngest of his sons, however, was also the most passion to Rhea so she deceived her husband into consuming a rock in the childs place. This youngest child, Zeus, would grow strong in manhood and last bring to realization Kronus greatest fear.Zeus liberated his brothers and sisters from his fathers malicious and all-consuming grasp. Then he led them to r phylogeny, waging a war against the supreme god. In their victory, they turned their benevolent attention to the great creations of Nyx. The gods began to know Uranus with the stars thus creating space. They began to furnish Gaia with life, thus birthing nature. After creating the appropriate subscribedrop, the gods accepted that the earth was correct excepting its want for animals and humans.Zeus set to the task his sons Prometheus and Epimetheus, whose label translate literally to mean forethought and afterthought. This provides some interesting insight, perhaps, into the Greek perspective about mans inte llectual capability and ultimate self-awareness. In addition, it base on ballss literal elaborate about the unique abilities and idiosyncrasies that mark the species which populate the earth. When assigned to the job of designing creatures, the brothers were given a variety of gifts to offer their creations.While Epimetheus set upon the task of creating the animals and awarding them all with gifts, Prometheus carefully form man to be in the image of the gods. (Again, mans description as being in the image of god holds much in common with Judeo-Christian creationism). When he completed his task, he found that Epimetheus had given away all the gifts, leaving humankind with the shaft. Prometheus sought to rectify the yield by stealing a trace of fire from the setting fair weather and giving it to man. When Zeus awoke to find man in possession of that which was to locomote only to the gods, he was furious.He punished Prometheus to an eternity stapled to a tree, having his liver chewed on by vultures. But the damage was done. Man had been created and given the power of fire. There is a great deal more to Greek mythology, as with the sacred scripture. The role of the gods takes on a wide array of purposes, gradually divining all of mans vices and virtues. But in the story of the earths creation alone, there is much illumination. The Greek legend begins to tell dissipate of the story of Greek culture inso farthest as it offers some authoritative self-examination.In this story of violence, deception and a natural tendency toward roguishness, the Greeks provide a piercing look into a psyche long since perished from the world. hold out with far greater ideological intensity are those creation myths impetuous modern credit. The traditional structure of the dominant monotheistic faiths incorporates a floor regarding the creation of earth and man into its formative doctrines. Herein is typically contained an originating explanation for the relationship betw een god, man, heaven and earth that provides grounding for the entirety of the faiths sacred text.This is a fundamental commonality between the texts of the Hebraic Bible and the Holy Quran, twain of which dedicate significant portions of their second chapters to delineating the story of the first man. It is striking to compare the passages concerning the creation of the first man as they appear in the two texts. Though today Judaism and Islam function some as antecedents to one another, with their practitioners often viewing their respective texts as placing them into gelid and practical opposition of one another, these passages provide evidence of their common derivation.The creation myths of the two religions suggest that their political, social and cultural differences today may arrest from the nuances therein, which had the effect of placing their interests in close confines with one another while arming them with divergent perspectives on how best to achieve said interests . The details surrounding matinee idols deliverance of exaltation to the garden are essentially the uniform according to the two texts, tho the wording of individually calls for closer speculation.In Genesis, the first book of the Hebraical Bible, divinity fudge follows his take shape of creating the heaven and the earth by creating man Then the LORD matinee idol formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life and man became a living soul.. (Gen. 27) From here is taken a veritable assumption in the Judeo-Christian faith which proceeds from it, that man is created in the image and likeness of God. The breath of God, this passage renders, circulates in the body of every(prenominal) man, suggesting a responsibility to godliness for all of us.The Quran, in its recognition of the same deliverance to the Garden, annoyancets a different image in acknowledgment of Gods endowment of life. In keeping with a prominent thematic impulse of th e Quran, convicting its readers to note the distinction in fates for believers and nonbelievers, the phrase depicting spells creation is posed with a similar connotation How do you deny Allah and you were dead and He gave you life? Again He pass on cause you to die and again bring you to life, because you shall be brought back to Him. (Koran, 228) This is a passage which demands not just belief in the creationist role of Allah but also a devotion to eradicating or combating non-belief. to a greater extent manifestly and ideologically pertinent though, it carries with it a description of the process of reincarnation. Man, in this passage, is described as an entity being fully at the mercy of God within the bonds of the creator-to-created relationship. And where the berth into Gods image, held in the Hebrew Bible, last predisposed man to divine immortality, this infinitude is represented otherwise in Islam.The overtones of reincarnation here suggest that man is not considered to be make in the image of God, nor even an element of the earth as also implied by Genesis 27, but is a soul evermore disposed to take forms according to the allow of Allah. This does not necessarily indicate a fundamental difference in the dispositions of the gods in question, Yahweh and Allah in the bible and Quran respectively. In Genesis, there is an articulated statement regarding Gods willingness and right, as creator, to snuff out his subject for transgression of his law.At the time, this law was constitute summarily of one directive in which the LORD God commanded the man, say Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. (Gen. 216-17) These foretaste words are those which assured our mortality on an earth characterized as the forum for exile from the Garden. The air which god breathed into us through Adams nostrils would, as God promised, be the price paying(a) for partaking of the fruit.This fall from the grace of godly immortality would define the nature of mans life-cycle, and by extension, theoretical concepts such as time and space and sacred assumptions about death and the afterlife. Gods proposition to Allah as depicted in the Quran is not endowed with the same consequence, perhaps a reaping of the initial divergence between the two texts with regard to the fundamental stimulate of man in relation to his god And We said O Adam Dwell you and your wife in the garden and eat from it a luxuriant (food) wherever you wish and do not approach this tree, for then you will be of the unjust. (Koran, 235) The fall from grace is described quite differently here, with man incurring no such threat as explicit as a certain death. This is a condition already possess of man in the passage concerning his formation. It is not a punishment but a state of being given grounded in mans relationship to Allah. Orig inal sin is still a common element to the doctrines of the two faiths, but its consequences appear as quite different actually. In the Hebrew Bible, the serpent is a creature which plays the role of deceiver and, by metaphorical extension, the antithetical and fundamentally evil counterpart to Gods unchanging benevolence.This is contrasted by the Qurans direct address of a morning star figure, a development affirming its composition as having occurred at a far later date than that of Genesis But the Shaitan made them both fall from it, and caused them to depart from that (state) in which they were and We said Get forth, some of you being the enemies of others, and there is for you in the earth an abode and a provision for a time. (Koran, 236) A punishment dealt herein concerns mans assembly line of earth as a home, with God endowing it only a impermanent cleverness to host mortal life.Again, the contrast between the implications to mans punishment for Original Sin in the two te xts can be traced to the contrast in mans assumed composition. In the Hebrew Bible, God punished Eve and her offspring to a perpetuity of teasing childbearing and unto Adam He said Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying Thou shalt not eat of it cursed is the ground for thy pastime in toil shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. (Gen. 317)In this passage, a fundamental difference in perspective is illuminated, that mans lot, to toil on the land, is a punishment profoundly attached to his violation of Gods will and his organic relationship to the soil. Where the Garden of Eden was a sanctuary at Adams disposal, the Earth would be his responsibility and his shackles. His mortality would be profoundly chained to his capacity to manage the earth. Where Islam casts its subjects as inhabitants of a land inevitably bound to last leave them to resource-deprived oblivion, Judaism confines its followers to a eternity of suffering knowledge of the earths hard reality.God tells Adam of this fate as being a mixed blessing, with the knowledge equally capable of delivering him to pain and pleasure, for God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyeball shall be opened, and ye shall be as God, knowing good and evil. (Gen. 35) In a way, this is a complete fulfillment of mans emulation of the creator-image just as it is the downfall from godliness. Indeed, the serpent cavorts Eve by grievous her that she and Adam will be endowed with knowledge and fortitude, and be gods themselves.In exchange for this transgression, god casts man without guidance into the desert abyss. This is contrasted by the disaster of original sin in the Quran, where Allah casts his children out but does so on a lower floor the auspices of mercy We said Go forth from this (state) all so surely there will come to you a guidance from Me, then whoever follows My guidance, no fear shall come upon them , nor shall they grieve. (Koran, 238) Here, God reaffirms his commitment to man even in his failing, offering him an unconditional love as sanctuary for the pain and suffering of the land.The intricacies that differentiate the two texts offer a profitable set of variations on a creation story that is highly associated with the evolution of monotheism. Particularly, the mutual centrality of the texts on mans role and purpose in the earths creation and the heavens sanctity illustrates the capacity of each to elucidate its pursuant cultures views on Gods divine plan for humanity. Bibliography Fahs, Sophia Lyon, Spoerl, Dorothy T. Beginnings Earth, Sky, Life, Death.Beacon Press. Boston. 1965. Freund, Philip. Myths of Creation. Washington Square Press, Inc. newfangled York City. 1965. Koran Text. (1997 edition). The Holy Quran. University of Virginia Online Book Initiative. Online at Masoretic Text. (JPS 1917 Edition). A Hebrew-English Bible. Mechon Mamre. Online at

Discrimination Essay Essay

Discuss this statement in relation to the human resource practices and the issues relating to personality, perceptions and determine of managers. This essay argues that discrimination is a likely occurrence during the recruitment process. It testament focus upon the various forms of discrimination faced and the issues relating to personality and perceptions resulting from the mainstream perspectives, stereotypes and ideologies held by Anglo-Saxon Australians.It will then examine the human resource practices and the selection process, spotlight the discrimination that occurs due to the unrealistic and unnecessarily high standards of recruitment criteria and specifications fixed out by managers for candidates. Finally it will address the impact and make for that the managers values can have upon the recruitment criteria and the final selection made. dissimilitude has long been a likely occurrence during the recruitment process, becoming a major problem through with(predicate)out Australian society.Dating back through Australias history we have continually seen society empirically mathematical group people according to their country of origin and culture. The idea of ethnocentrism has surfaced as a result of the pre-existing culture of intolerance of cultural difference. As Ho and Alcorso demonstrate, Australian employers and local anesthetic workers in the post-war decades had a clear interest in utilizing a workforce that was not only socialally distinguishable from the local workforce but also considered to be largely unskilled and short educated (2004, p. 254).The reluctance that many employers have in their willingness to recruit migrants and those of ethnic backgrounds, as a result of a pre-disposition held, is seen consistently in the body of work and is reflected in the long-term. As Wooden notes, differences in pay, occupational status and chance of employment between migrants and people of ethnic background, in comparison to Anglo-Saxon Austra lians reflects differences in the average productive capabilities of the two groups (1994, p. 220 cited in Ho and Alcorso, 2004, p. 239).

Goodnight Mr Tom Essay

In the essay, I have to get wind and explain the consultation that I standardizedd and disliked in the text and a response to both parts of the question. The title of the novel is called Goodnight Mr turkey cock by Michelle Magorian. The character I liked in the novel the most(prenominal) is Willie. This young boy came from the city side where he is treated raspingly by his parents. This thin and sick-looking pale with limy sandy hair boy is called Willie in the novel, which he was evacuated out of the city from the causes of the Blitz happening in that respect. He was displace along by his parents into the country side to be protected and unplowed save away from the bombing.The boy is one passionate kid, he does scads of things like loving the fresh breezes and sunny and Little Wier. Willie is most central and most interesting character in the text. It really made me precise curious about him, that way he acted and how was treated when he was young. He undeterminedly was my most liked character by how he was brocaded by his parents strict and religious. I liked how his shy, timid, socially and virtuallytimes awkward. This character reflects on me a lot because this how I acted when, I go/ innovate aboutones station or house. Also I rump be almosttimes liked this when, Im in a room of people that I do not know.It creates a opthalmic for me to empathise how he felt that time when he was left home with someone who he doesnt know and thatll be taking finagle of him. I also liked the things about Willie is that he has patiences, he gave the person (Mr Tom) some time so he can understand him a bit better and be able to have some connections. I dont dislike anything about Willie in the text. He has a great personality, so theres no impoverishment for Willie to have any disliked list or category. But there is more things to like about Willie, like how his sees passion through Zach, Mr Tome, topical anaesthetic friends and his painting and his acti ng.His hobbies are like what ordinary kid do sheath us we are young and did all of this things like- Read, Paint, Swimming, Acting and also some music. Theres no other way not to like this character, also he eats/drinks the same thing you do- tea, cake and some lemonade. From the way I described my character, this where I summaries it. My point of this essay is that I choose the character named Willie, not because his then main characters buy by the way he expressed himself from the novel/book. It made a clear understanding of the choosing this character as for my essay.

Human Impacts on Climate Essay

Al Gores documentary An Inconvenient Truth is not only informative but an eye opener especially for those victuals in the United States. Today global warming is not an efface phenomenon but a reality that is world faced by everyone from Africa to Australia. universes actions atomic number 18 now more than ever before are changing the climate of Earth. These actions lead to effects which combine with the natural occurrences which endure been taking place in history.In rise to power evidence from scientific research shows that natural impacts alone cannot be blamed for the make up in the global surface temperatures recorded in the past century. Mans effect on Earths climate has several consequences wish Escalating preoccupation of green house gases in the atmosphere Air taint Concentration of airborne particles Changes in bring down geology The major problem is the increase of speed of light dioxide in the atmosphere cannot be compared historically as the levels insta ntly are much higher accordingly ever before, the exception being when earth was hit by a meteorite etc.the changes and the increase in carbon dioxide have been witnessed since the modernization and industrialization which began in the 1700s thus far the worst impact has been since fossil terminates were used excessively from the beginning of 1900 and this overly led to change in the use of land. (American Geophysical Union) Al Gore, with statistics shows that there is a direct relationship between the rising concentration of carbon dioxide in the air and the increase in climatic temperatures.historically the first impact of the hu manhood presence on Earths geographical and biological systems occurred about 8,000 years ago, when individuals began to systematically cultivate land for agricultural purposes. However the initial impact was not as atrocious or drastic as the one which occurred in the 1700s. The industrial revolution has been supported and encouraged by the value s which have led to glorifying manipulation and economic development. (American Geophysical Union)It is a fact that this planet is heating up because of the human society and the greenhouse gases produced. According to the both The National honorary society of Sciences and the United Nation have come to the conclusion that there is a relationship between human actions and the temperature increases. (Clark 1013) According a joint education by G8 in addition to China, India and Brazil, that stated that scientific evidence was kinda remarkable and there was no way for the nations but to take actions to snap off this destruction. (Clark 1013)The reality is that if people keep on emitting greenhouse gases at this rate, atmospherical temperatures will keep on increasing, and the effect will be tangle for generations in future. According to even strict actions like Kyoto Protocol whitethorn be able to control the increasing carbon dioxide after a centaury at the minimum. According to Clark (1013) Research on ice cores by Fedorov et al. (2005) particularisation the relationship between carbon dioxide and temperature going back more then 400, 000 years has displayed that there is a strong correlation between carbon dioxide and temperatures.Studies show that historically there was never a time when there was so much carbon dioxide as now in addition the increase in carbon dioxide concentration has increased most chop-chop in the past hundred years or so. (Clark 1014) In a news discipline on National Geographic in February, The Intergovernmental jury on Climate Change (IPCC) very assertively linked the mans actions being responsible for the global warming and other climatic changes like increase in sea levels, storms and changing weather patterns.The report quotes Achim Steiner, executive director of the United Nations Environment Program, comment that Fossil fuel use, agriculture, and land-use change are fundamentally affecting the systems on our planet (Roach) What Al Gore has done is just point out the facts in a simple style through his documentary so that general s can understand what is happening and do something about this very noteworthy problem.Works CitedHuman Impacts on Climate. American Geophysical Union. Adopted by Council December, 2003. AGU Release 03-35. Retrieved May 1 2007

Persuasive Speech – Benefits of Video Game

Have you ever non believed your p arnt when they told you something? Or argued abide? Most of us do. Most of us besides like forge picture games. And most parents say theyre bad for you. But re ally moving picture games preserve be just as inviolable as bad if not better. Todays generation prefers to play goggle box games or computing machine games, as a form of entertainment, which can improve the oral sexs of those who play them. Amid all the cool and colorful graphics, the fantastic music, and the intriguing and exciting plots, which can tie for those played them.There are many benefits in playing video games moreover I would like to variant out the two most effective in playing video games which is reduce the stress and video games blend as mind exercise. Does anyone know that games can reduces stress? As humans, we starve the need to play because it is instinctive and fundamental to human existence. With regular play, our problem- resoluteness and reconciling a bilities forget be in much better shape to cargo deck this complex world.The reason for this is that play teaches us how to manage or vary our negative emotions, and it is the foundation for sound mental, physical, and emotional health. Play can give way work seem like pleasure, and aside from this, it is just plain fun. It creates gag and unloosendom that can instantly reduce stress and add a feeling of relaxation to our daily living. For example playing The Sims will adjudge your relax and enjoy as being the character in the game.You will have your own house, family and you have your own carrier. Besides reducing stress in playing games it also, work as mind exercise. Playing video games is the best mind exercise as it not solo makes the mind sharp but also keeps it fit. By various studies, it is discovered that video games help in improving problem solving ability as we can solve the problem without anyones help. Else than that video games that tend to subscribe to the p layer to make quick and accurate decision-making is its impromptu situations.The mental fitness can only be achieved through engaging in activities that are aimed at increasing your mental activity, and they involve activities such as reading, solving of riddles and crossword puzzles. Numbers games like Sudoku, as well as word games, can be addicting but, unlike most addictions, they are actually good for your brain. Playing them helps to stimulate your mind it improves your memory and may aid in delaying the effects of aging.The video game world is changing constantly so it is very necessary that players should have the knowledge about the games that will be beneficial for them. Believe me it is pay off when you spend your time by playing a video games. Do not just only think the negative effect of games but also try sentiment the positive side. Video games not only reduce you stress, but it also improve your health benefits as well as it work as your mind exercises. I would like to encourage you to play video games during your free times because not only for your health but it also presently will be increase you skills.

Failure of Structural Adjustment Programme

INTRODUCTION tally to Collin dictionary consecratement is the group of people who are responsible to govern country. Christian council of Tanzania and Tanzania Episcopal conference define politics as the pass agency for organizing and in the end of controlling both phylogeny and parliamentary law in the society. Also it is an organized body of persons and institutions that form an agency or machinery of the acres which formulates, expresses and realizes the will of state. on that pointfore, governing activity consists of the activities, methods and principles involved in the governing a country or early(a) policy-making unit.Government disaster is the world field analogy to grocery failure and occurs when a government discussion causes a more(prenominal) inefficient allocation of goods and resources than would occur with start that intervention. Likewise, the governments failure to intervene in a market failure that would issuance in societally preferable mix of o utput is referred to as unresisting government failure (Weimer and Vining, 2004). The failure is an outcome of policies enacted to regulate trade which take systemic inefficiencies and economic cost that adversely affect a reapings manu accompanimenture and sales.This arises when government has created some inefficiency because it would non have work a given problem or a set of problems more efficiently. The government bring out side failures largely conduct from principal/agentive role problems. Market failure occurs when the supply of a good or do insufficient to meet a demand. A market failure re crystalisent when white plagues pilenot achieve equilibrium because of some distortions for example, the limits on specific goods and services.In new(prenominal) words, government regulations executeed to promote companionable self-coloredsomebeing inevitably result in a degree of market failure. morphological fitting create mentally are economic policies which cou ntries must follow in order to curtail for new World assert (WB) and International M anetary storage (IMF) loans and back up them make debts repayments on the older dept owed to commercial banks, governments and World Bank, (Whirled Bank Group, 2003). THE measure up OF THE COUNTRY BEFORE STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT After independence in 1961, the new government adopted the colonial style of economic structure. in the midst of 1960 and 1962, for example kitchen-gardening contributed more than 50% to gross national output (GNP), and sisal, coffee, cotton and tea contributed 60% to the total contradictory exchange lolly (Taube 1992). Tanzania neglected not only to satisfy its own national feed requirements, but in any case to diversify its export products and promote light manufacturing. Politicians were briefly overtaken by the reality of severe deficiencies in the supply of food products, energy, housing, fabricate goods, health and educational services, as well as intermediat e inputs and implement for the agricultural sector.Between 1961and 1966 Tanzania economy operated primarily under waive market originators and the government adopted the World Banks transformation accession to agricultural development as a component of its prime(prenominal) fin year plan (Wenzel and Wiedemann 1989). In 1963 Tanzania implemented the Agriculture Product progress Act, which was the governments marketing board for scheduled crops. This board managed maize, wheat, rice, cashew nut nuts and oil seeds done market purchase, price regulation, and regulation of storage, bewitch and processing (Bryceson 1993).DURING ARUSHA DECLARATION In 1967, the ruling party (TANU) which nowadays is Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) passed the archetypal national economic declaration establishing Tanzanias era of economic socialism. This was the Arusha Declaration. This clear meant to address the deficiencies in Tanzanias economic development, but it explicitly enwrap socialism and a plan ned economy, which the countrys new leading(a) thought appropriate at the time. Ujamaa (familyhood and relationship) became the expression for Tanzanians social economic system and a synonym for Tanzania socialism.Through this self confidence approach, Tanzania forced its own withdrawal from global market. GOVERNMENT FAILURE Although Tanzania experience reasonable macroeconomic performance until the mid 1970s, unfavorable external conditions wiped out the previous economic achievements and led to the crisis period of 1980 1985 (Ndulu 1994). The justification for nationalization of mystical firms and extensive involvement of the state in productive activities was the ability of the state to control negative externalities, exploit economies of scale and operate firms at formally optimal level, the outcome proved otherwise for Tanzania.The government failure occurred in the future(a) ways The state owned cooperation turned out to be inefficient in almost all areas of their op erations. For example many an(prenominal) supply companies operated below standard such as National Milling Cooperation which was render food stuffs like maize, packed maize flour, rice and wheat cause full(prenominal)er demand in urban areas. Another company was regional Trading Company (RTC) for supplying commodities like sugar, soaps, wine from Dodoma, and these ca apply shortages of the commodities.Due to pretermit of fund from primal government health services, water, education (especially primary schools) remained a big problem in both urban and arcadian areas. The government operation in providing these social services was highly contributed by among other things inadequate foreign exchange as the country relied such(prenominal) on agricultural products which did not competed strongly with the same crops from other countries in the international market such as coffee from Brazil, cotton from Egypt and India. There was also the Tanzania Uganda war of 1978 1979 as muc h as national earnings was enjoin to the war.There was extreme weather conditions (drought or too much rainfall) leading to falling of local production in key food crops and high domestic inflation. These conditions contributed to severe scantness to most of the people since they depended on agriculture for their survivor. R. E. Stren adds that Tanzania faced a severe balance of payments originally caused by the locomote prices of imported oil. The rise of oil price resulted to the rise of prices of products as well as provision of social and economic services.Due to this the majority could not afford to access these services. Young (2003) argues that the government had been adamant that the buses she owned moderate their monopoly status, but the desperate economic situation and the existence of informal sources of dishonor forced the government to legalized the daladala in 1986. The owners of trucks and pickups were allowed to carry passengers for a fee if they ascertain a co ntract from the public transport authority and met dissimilar safety requirements.These situations led to Tanzania try her own economic reforms in early 1980s. These imply Nation economic Survival curriculum (NESP) in 1981 -1982, geomorphologic tolerance Program ( conk out) in 1983 1985. Due to these homegrown reforms, Tanzania adopted a series of donor supported reform programs starting in 1986. The first was Economic Recovery Program (ERPI), followed by the ERPII in 1989 1992. Despite all these efforts by 1980s Tanzania was the worlds second poorest country in bring in DomesticProduct (GDP). It is these economic crises and poor services delivery which forced most of sub-Saharan African countries to implement the morphologic revision Program ( sap) as a precondition to aids and loans from the International Monetary parentage (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and other donor agencies. In order to solve the persistent severe economic crisis which has been confronting Tanzania s ince the late 1970s, Tanzania signed an agreement with WB and IMF in 1986 to adopt SAP. SAP WITH MARKET FAILURE morphologic appointment program by World Bank and International Monetary Fund gave a new limited role for governments. No longer should the government supply services itself, instead the ultimate goal would be for the important government to serve in the role mainly educator, promoter and governor and communities in league with the private sector in that of provider. Structural adaptation program failed also in many countries including Tanzania because many stakeholders (countries) had little or no participation in making its policy.This means, these reforms had been imposed on countries that were incomplete ready nor had the capacity to implement them. According to Lugalla, Structural Adjustment Programmes had the following principles which had to be adopted There was devaluation of the local currency. That is the dollar gained more jimmy than the Tanzanian shilling. Due to this the foreigners who bought raw materials such as cotton benefited much as their currency was high. Also the government ended up in importing manufactured goods in higher prices resulting to low profits.The introduction of cost sharing in education and health. Before the introduction of these reforms the government used to provide these services freely, but now the people were forces to contribute. Due to this, many people could not access these services because they were not able to contribute. There was a policy of trade liberalization. This policy aimed that the government should allow free trade where the price of commodities was controlled by donor countries. There were frequent price changes which aimed at benefiting the foreigners and not the producers.Creation for conducive environment for foreign investments. The government had to put easy, friendly and flexible conditions that were more beneficial to the investors than the country. Introduction of democratisati on which is understood as multipartism. The government was under one party rein in but it was forced to adopt multiparty system as a condition to receive loans and grants. By 1992 Tanzania became a democratic state where different political parties such as Tanzania Labor Party (TLP), NCCR-Mageuzi, CHADEMA, Civil United preliminary (CUF) and others were introduced.Although the aim of Structural Adjustment Programme was said as to remediate the socio-economic problems of the country, it proved failure. Failure of the program in Africa is also basing on the fact that theres assumption that a uniform set of principles can yield successful policies for all countries irrespective of their differences. Failure of Structural Adjustment Program in Tanzania can be seen in Since Tanzania has been implementing social and economic reforms prescribed by SAP, social services are still a problem both in quantity and quality.The urban areas (cities and towns) has witnessed the problems multiplyin g rather than decreasing. mint have difficulties in accessing clean water, adequate shelter, better health complaint etc. Let us take Dar Es salute as example, theres frequent water cut which sometimes date areas dry up to a week, electricity problem in the whole country, overflowing sewage and hospitals without medicine especially public hospitals,( Lugalla). SAP forceful on reducing government expenditure on the unproductive sectors social development in urban areas in Tanzania.Lack of sufficient work out has do it difficult to finance a variety of urban development projects including the provision of adequate housing. As a result seventy portion of the urban creations live in poor houses without necessities such as sanitation and adequate garbage collection. For example areas like Vingunguti and Hananasif in Dar es Salaam are composed of slum settlement without proper sewage systems. SAP has reduced the health budget significantly. The state allocation budget for health is now estimated at less than five percent of the governments recurrent budget.Information from the ministry of finance shows that, every Tanzanian is currently expense five US Dollar a year to service foreign debts but spends only two US Dollars for his or her own health. A research from Dzodzi Tsikata from university of Ghana Legon, shows that SAP has much effect on women in Africa. SAP has exacerbated gender issue in, for example work places, wage differences amidst men and women are growing. For example in Tanzania and Nigeria, poor and middle gradation women are giving up formal employment for informal sector work because it pays more.SAP also due to its export promotion policy, has increase extractive activities such as logging and excavation leading to deforestation and mining pollution and the reduction of ordinary people. These failure of SAP in Tanzania and Africa in general has posed critic from individuals and leaders like the late J. K. Nyerere the first president o f Tanzania who tried to resist this program saying it was just for the capital letter consensus. Another critic was made by the United Nations economic burster for Africa that SAPs are too narrow, rely mainly on fiscal and pecuniary instruments and have little relevance to long-term development goals.Another failure is seen in agricultural sector following the devaluation of Tanzanian shilling. For example in 1986, the rate was 192 shillings per dollar this situation raised the price of imported inputs. This has resulted to poverty implication to the livelihood of farmers in the country. The removal of fertilizer subsidies had the effect of ski lift the price of fertilizers and therefore reducing profit. The removal of subsidies on maize repast is likely to have negatively affected urban consumers.However, under Structural Adjustment Programmes there was sound macroeconomic substantial exploitation in economy. The overall economic growth has been rising consistently from almost one percent in the mid 1980s to 6. 7 percent in 2004 (URT, 2005). A substantial improvement has been achieved due to adoption of various expenditure measures and processes including Public Expenditure Review (PER), Medium term Expenditure theoretical account (MTF) and Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). Conclusively Despite the setbacks, Tanzania has made tremendous progress on many fronts.However the remaining central challenge is making growth deliver more efficiently in terms of poverty reduction. The focus on this should be on accelerating growth of agriculture and rural sector development, to engender economic opportunities in rural areas where poverty remains pervasive. Equally important is the need to sustain risque growth, a necessary element to achieving the millennium development goals. Also since the lineage of economic reforms in 1986, a promising number of Tanzanias population has benefited from gradual poverty reduction.Understanding of the issues by wide r segment of society through debates and participatory approaches engenders broad ownership of the reforms. The government should insist on the various homegrown programs to ensure sustainability and credibility to citizens as they will feel responsible and responsible for their development. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bidyut Chakrabary and Mohit Battacharya(2003) Public Administration A Reader Oxford University Press. David Reed (1992) Structural adjustment and the environment.Economist Intelligence Unit (1995). Tanzania and the Comoros Gibbon, Peter and P. Raikes (1995). Structural Adjustment in Tanzania, 1986-1994. Center for outgrowth Research Copenhagen. Joe L. P. Lugalla Online Journal for African Studies University of newfangled Hampshire obtainable at www. africa. ufl. edu Sited on 16/12/2011. J. K. Nyerere (1973) Freedom and Development Dar Es Salaam Tanzania Printers. L. A. Msambichaka and A. Naho (1995). Agricultural Sector Performance Under SAP in Tanzania Promising or Frustrating Situation? in beyond Structural Adjustment Programmes in Tanzania Successes, Failures and New Perspectives. M. Bagachwa, F. Shechambo, H. Sosovele, K. Kulindwa, A. Naho and E. Cromwell (1995). Structural Adjustment and sustainable Development in Tanzania. World Wildlife Fund and Economic Research assurance University of Dar es Salaam. Moshi, H. P. B. (1995). Reforms and Economic Performance. Paper presented at the World Bank Conference Socio-Economic Growth and Poverty Alleviation in Tanzania, Arusha May 14-20 1995. Mshana, Rogate (1996). Structural Adjustment and feed Security in Tanzania. Paper presented at the Danida Food Security Workshop, Arusha, 18-19 November 1996. Richard E. Stren Ujamaa Vijijini and Bureaucracy in Tanzania Canadian Association of African Studies. gobbler Young (2003) In-African Politics Indiana University Press. United Republic Of Tanzania (2002) Country Overview Available at www. novelguide. com Sited on 15/12/2011. Whirled Bank Group (2003) Structural Adjustment Programme Available at www. whirledbank. org/development/sap. html Sited on 16/12/2011. .

The Mexican-American War, Were We Justified

The Mexican-American fight was a war between the United States and Mexico which lasted from April 1846 to February 1848. It stemmed from the United States annexation of Texas in 1845 and from a dispute over whether Texas ended at the Nueces River (Mexican claim) or the Rio Grande (U. S. claim). The war was the most devastating event in Mexican history, where Mexico scattered the modern day areas of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado and Montana. The Mexican-American spawned out of land lust. The persuasion of Manifest Destiny and the promising lands of California, which were coveted by many European nations, led to a war of greed.Even Abraham Lincoln, then a young Congressman, and Ulysses S. Grant, the hereafter Civil War victorious commander and U. S. President, believed that the invasion of Mexico was not justified. Mexico had jilted a $15 million cash-for-land deal offered by the US. The area include what now covers the states of California, Arizona, New Mexico and parts of Colorado and Utah. This territory was Mexican, but precisely nominally control over the area was slight, and open to intrusion. Irritated at the rebuff, the US struck back in1845 by annexing Texas, a territory coarse disputed and fought over by both countries.Mexico responded by severing diplomatical relations. U. S. President Polk further provoked Mexico by moving troops atomic number 16 to the Rio Grande, a river that historically was considered well within Mexico. U. S. and Mexican troops skirmished crossways the river, leading Polk to declare to Congress on May 11, 1846, that the cup of clemency has been exhausted, and that American blood has been spilled on American soil. (Source Eisenhowers So further From God, pages 49-55) The U. S. -Mexican War is the pivotal chapter in the history of North America.It is the war that loaded the fates of its two participants. For the United States, the War garnered huge amounts of territory and wealth, bootstrapping the fledgling res publica onto the world stage. For Mexico, the War sent the emerging nation into a twist that it is still reckoning with today, one hundred fifty years later. In the United States the US-Mexican War is virtually forgotten, and for good reason, as it is the clearest example of American greed and undiplomatic actions. The Mexican-American War was waged upon Mexico out of pure greed and disuse for international liberty.In conclusion, the United States was unjust in its declaration of war on Mexico in 1846. The U. S. was clouded with dreams of Manifest Destiny. It had a president that was obsessed with fulfilling advertize promises and greed for new land. Polk was looking for revenge for the denial of the proposal for get California as was evident in his original reasons for declaring war on Mexico. Also the U. S. provoked this border dispute into the two-year war that it became by purposely inciting the Mexicans into a fight. All these reasons are the evidence that th e US was not justified in declaring war on Mexico.

Term Paper on Imc Analysis of Robi

Term Paperpic on IMC compend of Robi April 26, 2010 Principal of IMC Analysis on advert Principal of Marketing(MKT-101) Prep argon For Kashfia Ahamed lecturer Department of Business Administration Prep atomic number 18d By Faqurel Hasan 2009-1-10-299 Arifur Rahman Khan. 2009-1-10-145 Sifat Ahsan 2009-1-10-062 Md. Shariful Islam 2009-1-10-154 Fayaz 2009-1-10-150 Letter of sender April 29,2010 Ms. Kashfia Ahamed Lecturer Department of Business Administration East West University 43,Mohakhali C/A,Dhaka-1212. Subject Submission of report on IMC on Robi.Dear Madam, It is of great prize and delight to us to present you our term physical composition, prepargond as a part of MKT 101 . When I do this job I get hold me as a marter it is a new experience to me and this paper project help me and also Robi. We are grateful to you for good-looking us the basic knowledge to prepare this kind of hard work. We wish we leave behind get always support from you and you allow also get phyloge nesis from us. On the behalf of the group Arifur Rahman Khan.. 2009-1-10-145 Acknowledgement Firstly we would like to give thank to almighty allah.We believe that behind every success thither is some inspiration and cop-operation of some special person who never take care in the picture but always provide support to run into this term paper. secondly I would like to thank Ms kashfia Ahmed for giving us endless support . We work this promotional project in 5 ways ? cartridge clip ? billboard ? Newspaper ? radio set ? video Executive summery Robi was Aktel and this follow was started there journey on 1997. This is a 4060 joint venture company . Bangladeshi TM and Singaporean telecom was the owner of this company.This company serve telecom serve around Bangladesh . There detectivehnology is from Germany and there Cards are from China. This company holds the 235 of its telecom market of Bangladesh. Communication edge for TV Advertisement pic 1. sender Here Robi is giving the massage that they are changed as Aktel to Robi. 2. encode Robi is announce them as a newer in market with latest tec 3. subjectThis hit provide the message that as sun is set we are also a recompense with our technology. 4. Media In this case robi is selecting this as a advanced media to reach them. 5.DecodingTarget consumer of this service provide match this tv add and actualize about this message. 6. Recever All urban anatomy citizenry are our targeted guest who will understand this message. 7. ResponseTargeted customer will understand that what we want to say to them. 8. FeedbackFinally when they show there responses to us and leveraging this product then we will get our result. 9. fraudulent schemeConsumer may put off while watching this tv add. Communication process for Newspaper Advertisement pic 1. Sender Here Robi is giving the massage that they are changed as Aktel to Robi. . Encoding Robi is advertising them as a newer in market with latest tec 3. depi cted objectThis add provide the message that as sun is powerful we are also powerful with our technology. 4. Media In this case robi is selecting this as a right media to reach them. 5. DecodingTarget consumer of this service will see this Newspaper add and understand about this message. 6. Recever All urban class peck are our targeted customer who will understand this message. 7. ResponseTargeted customer will understand that what we want to say to them. 8.FeedbackFinally when they show there responses to us and purchase this product then we will get our result. 9. NoiseConsumer may distract while watching this Newspaper add. Communication process for Magazine Advertisement pic 1. Sender Here Robi is giving the massage that they are changed as Aktel to Robi. 2. Encoding Robi is advertising them as a newer in market . 3. inwardnessThis add provide the message that as sun is powerful we are also powerful with our technology. 4. Media In this case robi is selecting this as a right m edia to reach them. 5.DecodingTarget consumer of this service will see this Magazine add and understand about this message. 6. Recever All urban class mass are our targeted customer who will understand this message. 7. ResponseTargeted customer will understand that what we want to say to them. 8. FeedbackFinally when they show there responses to us and purchase this product then we will get our result. 9. NoiseConsumer may distract while watching this Magazine add. Communication process for billboard Advertisement pic 1. Sender Here Robi is giving the massage that they are changed as Aktel to Robi. . Encoding Robi is advertising them as a newer in market . 3. MessageThis add provide the message that as sun is powerful we are also powerful with our technology. 4. Media In this case robi is selecting this as a right media to reach them. 5. DecodingTarget consumer of this service will see this Billboard add and understand about this message. 6. Recever All urban class people are our t argeted customer who will understand this message. 7. ResponseTargeted customer will understand that what we want to say to them. 8.FeedbackFinally when they show there responses to us and purchase this product then we will get our result. 9. NoiseConsumer may distract while watching this Billboard add. Communication process for tuner Advertisement pic 1. Sender Here Robi is giving the massage that they are changed as Aktel to Robi. 2. Encoding Robi is advertising them as a newer in market . 3. MessageThis add provide the message that as sun is powerful we are also powerful with our technology. 4. Media In this case robi is selecting this as a right media to reach them. . DecodingTarget consumer of this service will see this Radio add and understand about this message. 6. Recever All urban class people are our targeted customer who will understand this message. 7. ResponseTargeted customer will understand that what we want to say to them. 8. FeedbackFinally when they show there res ponses to us and purchase this product then we will get our result. 9. NoiseConsumer may distract while watching this Radio add. References 1. MKT101 (Kotler). 2. Robi web sight. 3. Newspaper . 4. Magezine.

Yahoo Case Study

Report write-up on yokel Case study yahoo was conceptualized almost accidentally in 1993 by Jerry Yang and David Filo who were pursuing their electrical engineering degree from Stanford University while posting a list of their favorite sites on the weathervane, got officially founded in 1994 and incorporated in the year 1995. Initially named Jerrys guide to founding wide web, got later named yokel which was an acronym for Yet another Hierarchal Officious prophet.The term Hierarchal described how the yahoo database was arranged, the term officious describing the some(prenominal) office workers who would use hick from their work place and oracle suggesting a consultation of wisdom. Today yokel Inc. is a multinational internet corporation best known for its web portal, search engine (Yahoo Search, 2 in search engine mart dispense with 6. 8% market share) and for a variety of other services, including Yahoo Directory, Yahoo Mail, Yahoo News, Yahoo Finance, Yahoo Groups, Yaho oAnswers, advertizing, online mapping, video sharing, fantasy sports and its social media website. With tax figures of $4. 9B for FY2011, and a market capitalization of $23. 8B, Yahoos mastery story comprises umpteen hits and more misses. After the modest web directory started to attract large influx of visitors on a daily basis, Yang and Filo decided to make business of it by renting advertising space on the Yahoo Directory pages. smashing coronation came in from Sequoia Capital, who proposed to hire a professional CEO to sweat the business ahead.After a careful evaluation of a half-dozen candidates, Michael Moritz of Sequoia Capital chose Timothy Koogle, who brought 15 years of leadership experience in sophisticated management. Timothy had to use great influence and persuasion skills to bring everybody on board on his vision for the company, one that would create a world machine-accessible via the web. His vision encompassed leveraging the companys existing cogency of th e web directory by providing more and more compelling content and cause higher advertising tax.At the same time, create an online platform where grease ones palmsers could meet sellers, transacting safely over the internet and charging a cut of the revenue for these services provided. They to a fault added customization features for their registered users on their Yahoo financials page so that specific companies of interest could be followed by the users. Along the way, they also helped advertisers r distributively issue to their relevant audience discover and thereby increasing the value delivered to them. The strategy was working out very well for Yahoo. Yahoo grew rapidly throughout the 1990s.It also make many high-profile acquisitions. While everything was going great for Yahoo, they failed to evaluate their strategy at that juncture. The environment they were thriving on was that of the dot-com bubble and most companies that were sources of advertising revenue for Yahoo w ere the dot-com companies. When the dot-com bubble burst, most of these companies went crush drying out sources of advertising revenue for Yahoo. Its stock price skyrocketed during the dot-com bubble, Yahoo stocks closing at an all-time high of $118. 5 a share on January 3, 2000. However, after the dot-com bubble burst, it reached a post-bubble low of $4. 05 on September 26, 2001. While the corporate level vision and strategy were forward looking, the business level strategy needed timely review, the lack of which brought close to the downward spiral of Yahoo in a short span. owe to a huge negative impact on the shareholders value, Tim Koogle resigned giving the heirs to terry Semel, a former Warner Brothers executive.Semels goal was to arrest the fall in Yahoos revenues by diversifying from the hitherto advertising centric revenue model to subscription-based, value-added services and increasing the quality in advertising revenue by targeting more stable companies. This strategy was viewed as but a late reaction to the changing market landscape, something that investors expected the leadership to foresee. terrycloth Semel also had his share of low moments as CEO of Yahoo during the disapproval he drew for cooperating with the Chinese officials to release previously confidential Yahoo information to the Chinese government.He also lost a chance to buy out Google during its nascent years, whose search engine services it used savings bank Yahoo developed its own search engine technologies. Over the years, Yahoo also failed to catch the market trends of social, mobile, local, platform services etc. at the right times, which has resulted in diminishing market share figures in each of the spaces. While Yahoo revenue has dipped for the year 2011, the companys financials look strong with low debt and good cash flow.Companys freshly management team is betting big on mobile and connected TV businesses. Mobile applications, where the company is lagging behind compe titors like Google and Facebook, is a business line it must produce a turn-around performance on since the markets a trending in that direction. Marissa Mayer, former Google executive, who is now at the helm of the $5B company, would fancy to bring her successful experience at Google to Yahoo to deliver the goods on the Mobile platforms business. Discussion Questions . To what extent was the evolution of strategy at Yahoo planned? To what extent was it an emergent response to unforeseen events? Yahoos initial strategy during Koogles time of foraying into advertising and online portal for facilitating e-commerce and obtain were a planned strategy and were apt for the company with its inherent strengths. however, the portfolio variegation undertaken by Semel was an attempt to lower the risk exposure as a response to the changed business environment. 2.Could Yahoo harbor done a better job of anticipating the slowdown in advertising revenue that occurred in 2000 2001 and perspectiv e itself for that slowdown? How? What might it have done differently from a strategical planning perspective? In order to achieve a bear on competitive advantage, a firm must adapt to the change in the market trends. As a strategy evaluation process, yahoo could have foreseen the dot-com bubble burst as the bubble formation was a process that had initiated around 98. Analysts highlighted the risk in staying invested with the dot-com companies.There was surplus income functional with retail investors during that period, which is suggestive of a trend of higher demand of regulation goods / services over inferior goods / services. Yahoo could have seen this trend and positioned itself for a niche product / service offering. 3. Does Yahoo have a source of potential long-term competitive advantage? Where does this come from? Yahoo has a good cash flow a low debt and also a business model in place for buyers to meet sellers. Social Media has compete a key role in penetrating the mar ket creating sensation of using the online medium.Yahoo has the system in place to capitalize this strength in order to optimally utilize the buyer-meet seller platform expand it from retail presence to corporate interactions, include a model that addresses webinars for multiple industries eg pharmaceutical company meet can be entirely conducted online creating a significant follow advantage for the participants and also adding to its revenue by marginal investments that wont come across its balance sheet either. 4. What does Koogles resignation in May 2001 severalise you about the role of a CEO in a worldly concern company?CEOs role in a general company has evolved over the years, but in essence, remains that of a steward of the shareholders value. Koogle had a very good vision and strategy for the company, which did transpire into success initially. While the formulation of the strategy may have been done well, the deed at the business level and evaluation of the strat egy could have been better. yet towards the end of Terry Semels tenure in 2006, his salary was reduced to only $1 (with $70M worth of stock options ofcourse) due to shareholders dissatisfaction.

Globe Telecom Paper Essay

Corporate History egg telecommunication has steadfastly imbibed itself into the hearts and minds of more than twenty six million subscribers. It has been there in every way for its guests, in building relationships, at work, communicating and stint out. Inasmuch as Filipinos love to communicate, earthly concern has been a reliable partner, ready to show the most convenient and affordable proceeds as possible. For 83 years, ground has lived up to its reputation of innovation leader from the moment it introduced the first SMS or text messaging benefit of process in the nation, and todays inlet of the first personalized postpaid plans. terra firma has been a pi atomic number 53er in many ways each spick-and-span beginning is a volition of its commitment to serving its clients better. In 1928, Congress passed Act No. 3495 granting the Robert sawbuck smart set, a corporation organized and existing low the laws of the State of California, a dealership to lam wireless l ong distance message run in the Philippines.Subsequently, Congress passed Act No. 4150 in 1934 to transfer the franchise and privileges of the Robert Dollar Company to populace Wireless Limited which was in incorporated in the Philippines on 15 January 1935. testis Wireless Limited was later renamed as Globe-Mackay Cable and receiving set Corporation (Globe-Mackay). Through Re universal Act (RA) 4630 enacted in 1965 by Congress, its franchise was further expanded to everyow it to operate international communications systems. Globe-Mackay was granted a new franchise in 1980 by Batasan Pambansa downstairs Batas Pambansa 95. In 1974, Globe-Mackay sold 60% of its stock to Ayala Corporation, local investors and its employees.It twistinged its destinys to the public on 11 August 1975. In 1992, Globe-Mackay merged with Clavecilla Radio Corporation, a domestic telecommunications pioneer, to form GMCR, Inc. (GMCR). The merger gave GMCR the capability to provide every last(predicate ) forms of telecommunications to address the international and domestic requirements of its customers. GMCR was subsequently renamed Globe telecommunication, Inc. (Globe). refrain ForwardIt was a monumental partnership in 1993, with then president Fidel V. Ramos as witness to the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between Ayala Corporation and Singapore Telecom, Inc. (STI), wholly- avered subsidiary of Singapore Telecommunications Limited (SingTel), was formalized, that created a terrible Globe Telecom. During the year, Globe Telecom was catapulted to the status of a giant in the telecommunications industry, and awarded an initial US $30 million supply contract. Since then, Globe Telecom has revolutionized the way Filipinos connect and communicate with the launch of the Globe Handy think, the countrys first fully digital CMTS (Cellular active Telephone System) victimization the GSM (Global Systems for Mobile) communications network. It obtained its doubtful authority (PA) for multinational Gateway Facility (IGF) trading operations and rolled out its fixed telephone service and international deal for dial (IDD) operate in designated areas. Within a couple of years, Globe launched its G-Net service in 1995 to become the first Philippine telecoms carrier to offer internet access. Thereafter, Globe went into acquisition (Islacom) and interconnection agreements with early(a) telecom carriers to get up its network and function.In 2000, Globe joined C2C Cable Network, a fibre-optic submarine cable project in the Asia Pacific region. The following year, Globe inaugurated its first cable landing station and backhaul facility in Nasugbu, Batangas. By 2004, Globe launched the GCASH, a disc all all overy in expeditious commerce and e payments. In 2009, Globe inaugurated its second landing station in Ballesteros, Cagayan. It alike reinforced its top hat network connectivity with the TGN-Intra Asia Cable System and the first in the country to launch globewide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX). A breakthrough and through in wide awake and land inventory service for postpaid subscribers in tubing Manila and Cebu called DUO was introduced. This was later on offered to small and medium first step (SME) clients, fulfilling the need for additional business lines at a cheaper cost.Globe too introduced the BlackBerry lifestyle to the Philippine market with the BlackBerry Storm, powered by Globe Personal BlackBerry Plans. Globe was granted the preferential selling rights to the iPhone 3G and iPhone 3GS. This partnership with orchard apple tree was reinforced in 2010 with the launch of the iPhone 4. Globe Telecom and Visa were recognize as the first two founding partners of the Mobile Money change at the GSMA Annual Mobile Money confidential information in Barcelona. Globe Data Center achieved an ISO 270012005 certification for having met the Information bail Management System (ISMS) standard. It withal received a n ISO 90012008 certification upgrade for coming together the Quality Management System standard. Boosting its network further, Globe participated in the new Southeast Asia Japan Cable (SJC) System, the highest capacity system in the world that links Singapore, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Philippines and Japan. The company achieved another first by having its Globe aircraft carrier Ethernet offerings certified by the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) according to MEF 9 service-provider specifications.Globe also rolled out its second fiber optic acantha network (FOBN2), a high capacity transmission system that spans over 1,900 kilometers of inland and submarine cable, covering most areas of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.OverviewGlobe Telecom, Inc. is a major provider of telecommunications serve in the Philippines, supported by over 5,700 employees and over 786,000 sellers, distributors, suppliers, and business partners nationwide. The Company operates one of the largest and most technological ly-advanced agile, fixed line and broadband networks in the country, providing reliable, superior communications work to individual customers, small and medium-sized businesses, and corporate and enterprise clients. Globe currently has over 29 million mobile subscribers, over 1,363,000 broadband customers, and over 666,000 landline subscribers.Globe is also one of the largest and most profitable companies in the country, and has been consistently recognized both locally and internationally for its corporate governance practices. It is listed on the Philippine Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol GLO and had a market capitalization of US$2.7 billion as of the culmination of September 2011. The Companys whiz shareholders are Ayala Corporation and Singapore Telecom, both industry leaders in their respective countries. Aside from providing financial support, this partnership has created assorted synergies and has enabled the sharing of best practices in the areas of purchasing, technical operations, and selling, among others.Globe is committed to being a answerable corporate citizen. Globe BridgeCom, the companys umbrella corporate affectionate responsibility program, leads and supports discordant initiatives that (1) promote education and raise the level of calculator literacy in the country, (2) support entrepreneurship and micro-enterprise organic evolution particularly in the countryside, and (3) ensures sustainable development through protection of the environment and excellence in operations. Since its inception in 2003, Globe BridgeCom has made a positive impact on the lives of thousands of public elementary and high school students, teachers, community leaders, and micro-entrepreneurs throughout the country. For its efforts, Globe BridgeCom has been recognized and conferred several awards and citations by various Philippine and international organizations.The Globe grouping is composed of the following companies Globe Telecom, Inc. (Globe) provides mobile telecommunications services Innove communicatings Inc. (Innove), a wholly-owned subsidiary, provides fixed line telecommunications and broadband services, high- facilitate internet and private entropy networks for enterprise clients, services for internal applications, internet protocol based solutions and multimedia system content delivery G-Xchange, Inc. (GXI), a wholly-owned subsidiary, provides mobile commerce services under the GCash brand Entertainment Gateway Group Corp. and EGGstreme (Hong Kong) Limited (EHL) (collectively referred here as EGG Group), provide digital media content and applications and GTI Business Holdings, Inc. (GTI), a wholly-owned subsidiary, is an investment funds company with authority to provide VOIP services.The Company is a grantee of various authorizations and licenses from the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) as follows (1) license to offer and operate facsimile, other traditional voice and data services and domest ic line service using Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) technology (2) license for inter- deputise services and (3) Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) for (a) international digital adit facility (IGF) in Metro Manila, (b) nationwide digital cellular mobile telephone system under the GSM standard (CMTS-GSM), (c) nationwide local exchange carrier (LEC) services after being granted a provisional authority in June 2005, and (d) international cable landing stations set(p) in Nasugbu, Batangas and Ballesteros, Cagayan. Globe is organized along three key customer facing units (CFUs) tasked to focus on the integrated mobile and fixed line needs of specific market segments.The Company has a Consumer CFU with dedicated marketing and sales groups to address the needs of retail customers, and a Business CFU (Globe Business) focus on the needs of big and small businesses. Globe Business provides end-to-end mobile and fixed line solutions and is equipped with its own tech nical and customer relationship teams to serve the requirements of its client base. Beginning 2011, Globe organized an International Business Group to serve the voice and roaming needs of overseas Filipinos, whether transitory or permanent. It also allows the Company to leverage product portfolio on regional and world(prenominal) opportunities.Business SegmentsMobile BusinessGlobe provides digital mobile communication services nationwide using a fully digital network based on the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) technology. It provides voice, data and value-added services to its mobile subscribers through three major brands Globe Postpaid, Globe prepaid and TM. Globe Postpaid includes all postpaid plans such(prenominal) as regular G-Plans, consumable G-Flex Plans, Load Allowance Plans, Load Tipid, Apple TM iPhone 3G plans and high-end Platinum Plans. In 2010, the Company further expanded its postpaid offerings to include MY SUPERPLAN and MY FULLY LOADED PLAN which allo w subscribers to personalize their plans, pick out and combine various unlimited call, text and web browsing service options.In addition to these personalized plans, Globe has made receiptsable various add-on roaming and mobile browsing plans to cater to the needs of its subscribers. In 2011, Globe consolidated its personalized and customizable plan service with the launch of the All bare-ass My Super Plan where subscribers are given the flexibility to create their own plans by either subscribing to an All-Unlimited Plan or an All-Consumable Plan. Subscribers also get the run a risk to design their plans based on their usage by selecting the freebies and add-on services that would come with their subscriptions. To further enhance their experience, subscribers are allowed to change the freebies and add-on services monthly.Globe Prepaid and TM are the prepaid brands of Globe. Globe Prepaid is targeted towards the adult, mainstream market. Its unique brand proposition revolves arou nd its innovative product and service offerings, superior customer service, and Globes world widest services and global network reach. TM, on the other hand, caters to the value-conscious segment of the market. In addition to digital wireless communications, Globe also offers mobile payments and remittance services under the GCash brand. GCash is an internationally acclaimed micro payment service that transforms a mobile phone into a virtual wallet, enabling secure, fast, and convenient money transfers at the speed and cost of a text message. Since the launch of GCash, wholly-owned subsidiary GXI has established a wide network of local and international partners that includes government agencies, utility companies, cooperatives, indemnity companies, remittance companies, universities, and commercial establishments which all accept GCash as a way of life of payment for products and services.Globe offers various top-up or reloading options and facilities for prepaid subscribers incl uding prepaid call and text cards, bank channels such as ATMs, credit cards, and through internet banking. Subscribers can also top-up at over 786,000 AutoLoad Max retailers nationwide, all at affordable denominations and increments. A consumer-to-consumer top-up facility, Share-A-Load, is also available to enable subscribers to share prepaid load credits via SMS. Globes AutoLoad Max and Share-A-Load services are also available in selected OFW hubs all over the world. The Company has a loyalty and rewards program called My Rewards, My Globe for Globe Prepaid subscribers and TM Astig Rewards for TM subscribers. Under the program, and based on a defined pull ahead system, prepaid subscribers nominate points based on tenure and reload.Subscribers can intention their points to redeem rewards including Globe and TM products, travel mileage, and indue certificates from leading retail establishments. Globe Postpaid subscribers outside the lock-up period can also earn points based on th eir monthly billed amounts and length of stay with Globe. Rewards also include Globe products, as well as bill rebates, gadgets, gift certificates, and travel mileage. Subscribers have the option to redeem rewards instantly, or accumulate points to avail of higher-value rewards. Redeemed points in a form of telecom services is netlike out against revenues whereas points redeemed in the form of non-telco services such as gift certificates and other products are reflected as marketing expense. At the end of each period, Globe estimates and records the amount of probable future liability for lost points.

Customer services at Tesco Essay

Methods engrossd by Tesco to observe if beneficial client expediency is taking place.If Tescos cut how groovy or gravely their node dish reveal is then they net coif mendments whither appropriate. Since they atomic number 18 in often(prenominal) a competitive market they moldiness oversee regularly and act fast on any social function which needs improving. Tescos is such a big troupe it go out be hard to supervise the client serve healthful in entirely the stock certificates, yet an easy and cost-efficient modality of doing this is to use up mystery unwrappers. This is basic whollyy when a researcher is stipendiary to act as a normal client and s cable carcely knock off well-nigh the retentivity, looking for any cash advances and commenting on what is correct. The employers bailiwicking at the cut in do non know who the mystery shopper is so results argon exact.This emblem of monitoring is jadee in each stick in of Tescos, and is a strong way to get feed clog up on how well or bad their client armed attend to is. If Tescos know where the cracks argon in their guest service then they understructure mend it, so knowing what plenty be improved is vital. A mystery shopper can nonify Tescos active the fol number 1ing How they argon greeted by staff How promptly they ar chain reactort with The friendship of the staff The staffs selling skills The appearance of the branch The quality of facilities Hygiene standardsSince Tescos deal with a wide range of guests they can choose antithetical shells of mystery shoppers, which can improve accuracy of results and a perspective from distinct types of guests making the results less bias. For illustration they lock a mystery shopper performing as a mformer(a) with children, the m separate then can go bad the baby changing facilities and other service provided by Tescos for sight cable autorying babies. They would similarly use a disabled mystery shopper, who b equeath bear witness the disabled facilities such as the toilet, and they can know if areas are non as entreible to the disabled. The mystery shopper can also point out(p) which member of staff shows good attentiveness and those who dont assist less. Tescos can then act on the members of staff who do well by perhaps, praising them, and try to furbish up the members who are not so interested in the job care more, or read a decision to let them go.Another way Tescos monitor their node service is to ask random clients to fill in a quick questionnaire, which can tump over guests to voice theiropinion on the investment trust.Tescos as a large cheek uses the suggestion boxes both for staffs and guests in their chisel ins, forms or card are often provided for staffs at the stores canteen or restaurant while suggestion boxes are norm whollyy set on the shop floor for the guests to fill out, with this tescos can allow staffs and guests shed light on suggestions on how to i mprove their service.Tesco randomly call customers who in whizz creator or the other has had problems with Tescos all done refund processes or returns on damaged goods. Tesco give call up these customers to know how effectively they where dealt with and how they are getting on with their product. With this Tesco ordain know what criteria to improve on.The easiest and inducey way tescos use is by confronting the customers while obtain, they ask questions the standardised how well do you think we are doing in dealing with customers? This is ordinarily done in fewer selected Tesco stores dependant on management and heathenish style of the store.Focus groups is a system which tescos rarely use, this is unremarkably done where feedback is obtained from a small group of people normally consisting of 10-15 people, discussing slightly products and being asked for information about Tescos customer operate.E5 report guest go report tescos supermarket plcTo Graham Murray (St ore Manager)From Tayo OyelaranDate 25/02/2006Suggestions on how Tescos mimeo corner index improve its customer servicesHaving investigated your company I am suggesting mentations that needs improving on customer service and I am going to doing an evaluation alike. With the research I claim done Tescos customer service is not that bad. entirely still I suggest they can make some improvements in a number of publishs such as* availability of goods and service* speed of deli in truth(prenominal)* exchange and refund* Access to building.* Check out and trolleys permute and refundsTescos does Exchanges and refunds on goods that are faulty after procure. Tesco has a edify policy on returned items, so that customer services do not frequently get to ask their boss for assistance or clarification. Tescos will accept any goods back inside a detail(a) period, providing the customer has kept the receipt, and will refund the money. Tescos does not distinctly explains the refund policy to a customer at the time of a purchase is made, and the importance of hold the lineing the receipt should be stressed, this is quit a bad way for Tescos to show that they care about the customer by telling them what they should cargo area after obtain at Tescos. Tescos can improve this by making sure to tell customers to keep their receipt incase any problem occurs with it and that it can precisely be returned within 28 sidereal daylights of purchase.Speed of deliveryTescos delivering service is quit good because you could buy your shop over the internet and afford your purchase be delivered within a day or two just the bad thing about Tescos delivery is that they do not keep to delivery time unremarkably delayed up to a day this shouldnt be so when you take aim companies like e.g. Iceland and Safeways competing against you. As well as Tescos knows that no customer wants to purchases a large, impenetrable item and then understands out that Tescos dont do no delivery the customer may sink the hale transaction is too much trouble and go elsewhere. lurch time could be improved bt having the right and appropriate I.T system which ensures accurate timing and delivery of goods and services to your customers.Availability of goods and servicesThe availability of goods is incessantly excellent at Tescos because the company. You virtually find what your looking for when you insert your store, still I weakness in this is that most of the time you commonly run low stock which isnt very good for example a customer might need more than whats placed on the shelve. This will hinder he/she from purchasing your product, this could devote secondary effect on your profit, so my suggestion to this is to improve or fit your stock controllers more often to know the exact amount to be stocked and when the shelves should be filled up again if you gestate low stock.Access to the building and servicesTescos has a few types of access to their stores e.g.* car park , this will attract more customers to shop at Tesco because they would not fix to worry about where to park when they arrive thither but not all the time there are spaces to park your car this is because some people park their car so they could shop about the local area for Tesco to overcome this problem they should issue a tag end when you go in their to park your car and the ticket should be only for two hours or less.* Lifts, are very important to because most car parks are two floor so customers could take their shopping easier up to the second floor. Disable people could use it too it they cant walk up stairs* Caf coffee shop, after shopping some of the customers are going to a bit tired so they might go in to the caf to puzzle a cup of coffee. I noticed on entering your store you had only a few customers at the caf so Ill suggest you could do an offer (if you leave out over 20 you could get a free cup of coffee)* Children pen, for prompt mothers shopping they could leave their children in a little area with a few trusted adults looking after them while you as a customer could shop more easier and quicker.* Toilets, is could be a good way for customer to stay giganticer at Tesco because they could spend more money.Checkouts and trolleys.A way in which they can improve customer service is to improve checkout times, which is the customers main problem with your store. They should ensure they generate more tills capable for their customers so customers will be happy to shop at Roneo corner.More trolleys is require too because people that come to shop on the weekend are probably going to buy one weeks shopping so I dont think a hoop would be enough, that could explain why there are a stack of spare baskets around to use during theses times. So Ill suggest you encounter more trolleys e particular(a)ly during the weekendsFor good customer service a company must provide the customer with its utmost attention, which is what you do. The staffs at yo ur store are very attentive towards the customers, and ask for assistance if a person looks muzzy or looks like they need economic aid.Also to improve customer service in your store members of staff can help customers by back up sr. people carry their bags. Your store can also hire staff at checkouts to help customers pack their items in the bags.The Mystery obtain Programme is a key tool for stores to use to improve the service they offer to customers. apply a range of research tools to find out about customer gratification is important to your store, Ill suggest you use this method very often as it will help you to know your weakness in dealing with customers. For example, diametrical Mystery Shoppers will visualize stores over a period of time and the results will be compared. In addition the results of customer surveys can be compared and contrasted with the results provided by Mystery Shopper Reports. Using these results your store could analyze what went wrong with the ir customer service and correct them either by cooking their staffs more or providing more facilities to improve their customer service.Effect of my recommendation to your companyHaving done all this your store will have a very massive number of customers approach shot back to shop at your store because of having friendly and good customer service, this will also increase the companies productivity and Popularity. Complaint made about your store will also be reduced. Tescos profit, market share will also increase and good customer services will be recognise at tescos.What happens if these recommendations are ignored?First of all you will lose more customers if you fail to pick up some of my recommendation, of which without customers federal agency no business. Business builds to attract customers and make profits so they can survive and last long commit. guests are very important to every business especially to Tescos because Tescos believes that without their customers Tescos will not be here at the moment and will loss all their capital. All these will have negative effect on your stores profit, market share and ability to survive with nearby competitors.E2 immenseness of good customer services and how it helps tescos achieve itsaims and objectiveclient service is the whole activity of identifying customer needs in all their complexity, satisfying them in full, and keeping them satisfied. customers are people who buy products and services from other people.Tesco is committed to customer service. Customer service lies at the soreness of our groundbreaking economy because we increasingly make choices on the basis of how we are served. goodness in customer service can only be fully achieved by having an organisational culture and value system which places the customer at the heart of everything that an organisation and its people do. Tesco has embedded this culture of customer service by giving spirited priority to a customer service furiousness fr om top management right down to the operational team level. near(a) customer services will help tescos achive theirs aims and objective by providing good quality services and good providing the necessary fertilities for the customers all these will increase tescos market share, its profit and its popularity in summary customers satisfaction equals a companies success.Skills and attributes need by tescos staff in roll to deal with customers* Teamwork. This is an essential element of the effective functioning of any workforce. It relates to all functions of an organisation not just customer services.* Organisational skills.* Negotiation skills.* Communication skill. Staffs should be able to speak communicately to customers and using polite phrases.* Dealing with complaints and learn how to calm a customer down.* Dealing with difficult customers who cannot be calmed down.* world skills.* They should have good product knowledge. Usually staffs ignorance and uncertainty put the custo mer off. If a staff at Tesco does not know the answer to a question, he/she should be able to find someone who does.* Presentation skills.* interchange skills.* Good mood and expression. Tescos staff should smile at customers this could make a difference.* Being flexible and good time management.Consumer protective covering fairness and how Tesco abide with themTescos has a few legal constraints affecting the customer service because with out any legal protection customer might not feel protected when buying good from Tesco. Tesco has to think butt on the customers so on top of the legal protection that the law provides they are being kind by giving refunds when they dont have to.Here are a few legal obligations to its customers customers need to be protected when buying goods, if, for instance* Goods are damaged, broken or unuseable Tesco has to give a refund if the product if faulty if they dont to customer could press charges on Tesco* Goods are not fit for the social occas ion for which they were bought for e.g. if a customer brought a DVD form Tesco and didnt work the customer has the right to bring it back and get an exchange or refund back.* The seller has described the goods inaccurately. e.g. If Tesco has described a C.D players battery life to last 24 hours and dont the customer could get a refund back or exchange.Tesco would need to show that customers can complain against these problems and the following laws protect them ** Sales of Goods act 1979 one of the most important Acts today is the Sale of Goods Acts 1979. Since it was passed this has been amended three times by the Sale of Goods Acts (Amendment) Act 1994, the Sale and Supply of Goods (Amendment) Act 1995. This covers the heavy requirements of purchasers, i.e. that goods that Tescos PLC sell must be as described, this means that goods must conform to their description e.g. waterproof must mean the item battery-acid not leak of satisfactory quality in relation to the toll pai d, the description, the age of the item fit for the purpose for which they are intended goods must carry out the purpose they are made for. Tesco usually issue refunds if they have failed to meet the criteria, which also contributes to their success dealing with customers.* Food condom Act, 1990-This is a wide-ranging law which strengthens and updates consumer protection in the viands sector. This brought feed sources, and implication farmers and growers, specifically under fare guard indebtedness legislation for the premier time. It made it an offence to sell food which is not of the nature or substance or quality demanded by the purchaser. Tesco follows this law very stringently for example Tescos Prohibits the sale of unfit or adulterated food and also Tescos Controls the description of its , advertising and labeling of foods.* Consumer extension Act, 1974- this aims to protect the rights of consumers when they purchase goods on trust, such as hire purchase or acknow ledgement sale agreements. For example, if a consumer purchases any product from Tescos PLC on credit the customer should be given a copy of any credit agreements into which they enter. It also ensures that only licensed credit brokers can provide credit.* Consumer protection Act, 1987- this law was introduced to bring the British in line with other European Community nations. it ensures that firms are liable for any damage which their defective goods might cause to consumers. For example if Tescos where supplying defective electrical equipment they would be liable for any injuries caused to consumers using that equipment. It also seeks to outlaw lead pricing, such as exaggerated claims relating to price reduction to gross revenue items.* Supply of goods and services Act, 1982-this seeks to protect users of services, ensuring services are of good quality and at liable rate. For example if Tescos advertise that their products are going to be of high quality and it turns out to be o f low quality, i.e. if a consumer buys a blame and after two days of wearing it the product should start gingersnap or should tear. Tesco also abide with the law to ensure good customer services* Trade description Act 1968 and 1972- this prohibits false or misleading descriptions of a products contents, effects or price. This affects packaging, advertising and promotional material. This is one of the key pieces of consumer protection legislation. Tescos follow this law by making sure that goods supplied to customers are not falsely described.Examples of good customer services that actual took place at tescosAn elderly noblewoman who is unsteady on her feet at times and uses a walking begin and avoids using stairs and escalator came back to tescos store because she left field her walking stick target. On a very busy weekend day below is the conversation that went between her and a sales participator. cured woman hello I left my walking stick behind in your store somewhere I cann ot rememberSales assistant ooh ok it was your walking stick it has been taking upstairs to the customer service help-point.Sales assistant do you mind if I help you go and get it upstairs.Elderly woman convey Ill would be very grateful if you can help.Sales assistant Ok then just give me 1 minute Ill get you your walking stick.The sales assistant came back under 1minute with the elderly woman walking stick. The elderly woman thanked her for been helpful.In this scenario we can see the sales assistant was very helpful to the woman, she offered to get the walking stick without the elderly woman crack her to help. This is a very good example of customer services within tescos store.Example 2A furious customer comes into the store here is the conversation that went between the furious customer and a customer assistant at tescos store.Customer assistant may I help you sir.Furious customer Yes, of course you can I bought this stereo systemscopic photograph 3 days ago from your store a nd on the 2nd day it packed up, I discovered it wasnt running(a) no more.Customer assistant ok sir thats alright I see what I can do about it. What actually seems to be the problem that does it queen on or it doesnt.Furious customer I said the stereo isnt working no more how do you expect something that is working to come on. Please Im in a direction what do you want to do about it.Customers assistant that ok sir, Im very sorry about the stereo, can you kindly give me the faulty stereo and your receipt.Furious customer thats great here is my receipt.Customer assistant sir at tescos we usually offer a 7 days return policy so you have zip fastener to worry about. Would you like me to issue a refund, a replace or an alternate stereo sir?Furious customer an alternate stereo would be great, because having a replacement of the same stereo might have me coming back here with the same problem.Customer assistant thats no problem sir, come with me to see what alternate stereo you would l ike.In this scenario the customer assistant reacted in a very calm elbow room which also cooled down the furious customers making him feel he was been listened to. And also the customer assistant also apologized to the furious customer which shows the customer assistant unsounded the feelings behind the complaints.Example 3A disturbed customer is query round the store here is the conversation that went between the worried customer and a non-food assistant at tescos.Non-food assistant hello you look worried is do you need any assistant at all.Worried customer thanks, yes I need your help do you have any idea where you put tour disposable plates, I have walked round the whole store but didnt get to find any. Can you help?Non-food assistant sure, come with me Ill take you there.Worried customer thanks a lot.Non-food assistant there you go here are the disposable, we have various options available, do you help with any other thing in the store.Worried customer no thanks I rattling revalue it.Looking at this scenario we can see the non-food assistant generously took the customer to where the product was, he didnt described where it could be found, this shows good customer service he also asked if the customer need any other help which is also a way of demonstrating good customer service.C3 look systems at TescoTesco products are continually monitored and tested for their quality and customer acceptableness this is their product evaluation. Tesco staff and management procedures are also monitored to ensure that they remark the highest standards this is quality assurance. Below are the quality systems which Tesco use in their production process to add value.Total Quality Management (TQM) this is the most sub and complicated form of operations management. It is concerned with encouraging everyone in the body of work to think about quality in the business and use different management techniques within each department. Tesco does not prescribe any particular system of standards such as BS5750 or ISO9000. This is because they set their own standards through product specifications, detailed analytical specifications and codes of practice like preventing diseases from entering the food chain. Within the product process, they also expect their suppliers to have identified the captious points in the production process controls and premises by one of their technologists. However, if a supplier chooses to use BS5750 or ISO9000 as part of its discipline, they have no objection whatsoever. So therefore Tesco uses its very own quality standards to urinate and sell its products.In terms of services, Tesco staffs are well teach to deal with customers even in the most difficult moments when they are angry. They are unceasingly expected to be polite, smile when serving customers and also say crack after serving them. To enforce this, they are regularly monitored by managers and supervisors and anybody not obeying the regulations faces disciplin ary action.Tesco not only has well skilled staff but also a whole lot of other things including free car parks with easy access for shoppers who have cars, free wide trolleys with special seats for babies and young children, special tills for the disabled people which also decreases long queues, the supermarkets are well organized that a shopper can easy find what they are looking for and also the chances of getting lost around the places are very minimal, they have got staff eer standing by to help, skin-tight security with guards and CCTV cameras to maintain customer safety, some stores have free busses that customers can use, childrens play areas so that they dont get so bored, it has got online orders where customers make their orders and get free delivery to their door steps, shops are always open to make it more reliable for customers to shop, some stores are open twenty four hours a day and many are adopting this idea, chairs around the place which customers can sit on wh en tired, free loyalty cards for customers who wish to sign up therefore saving on their shopping, Tesco not only provides western food but also ethnic foods to put up for the ethnic minorities, free scanners that shorten queues, special offers like buy one get one free, there is a variety of product s in the stores, more facilities including* Cafs.* Photo processing. dg* Phone services.* Electric, tidingss, music & tv stores.* Petrol stations.C1 Questionnaire1. Who are your main customers?2. How do you train your staff?3. When do your staff get customer service training?4. Do you have health and safety regulations?5. Do you have a safety book?6. What have you done to reduce health and safety accidents?7. Do you have a customer complaints book?8. Who deals with the complaints?9. How many complaints have you had?10. Do you have a customer service desk?11. How do you check if your Customer services methods are working12. How do you monitor customer services?13. How much companions hip is needed to be a customer services adviser?Thank you for your timeBelow are the results for the questionnaire. It was a team attraction working at tescos store I gave the questionnaire to feel in for me.1. Who are your customers? His answer was all of the above. He explained that at Tesco everyone is identified and recognized as a customer even he himself. That this is know has indwelling and external customers where natural customers are tescos employees that staffs/colleagues who work at tescos while external customers are customers who often shop at Tesco like parents, adults, disabled and children.2. How do you train your staff? He answered this saying. Our staffs areusually trained on the job training but for managerial and organization role the off the job and computer based learning training are some times used.3. When do your staff get customer service training? Our staffs are trained at the start of their usually lasting up to 1 week, occasionally staffs require to be trained frequently especially on the till as this could be easily forgotten or if there is a change or improvement in our computer technology, so in this case they would all have to be trained. Our staffs also usually have training request which they are also paid for while doing their normal job, this can also be referred to as on the job training.4. Do you have health and safety regulation? Yes we do, this is usually done to ensure are customers both internal and external customer are shopping in a refreshed and see the light store to prevent accidents form occurring.5. Do you have a safety book? Yes we do this is usually looked at the reception or at the staffs corridor to ensure we staffs know where all fire exit emptying procedures e.t.c.6. What have you done to reduce health and safety accidents? We ensure our store both the shop floor and warehouses are kept groovy and tidy and also make sure fire exits are kept clear all the time.7. Do you have a customer complaints book? Yes we do it is a form actually not a book it is usually given to customers who have complaints, although our complaints forms have been reduced because they are usually too many people with complaints so it is usually restricted depending on the type of complaints the customer is making.8. Who deals with the complaints? Complaints are usually dealt with at the customer services desk but if its a serious complain against the company then the duty store manger Graham deals with the complain made against our store.9. How many complaints have you had? As I said earlier on we usually have alot but it has reduced recently, this is due to us providing our customers with good customer services. Complaints are usually with the check out times at the weekend, so we have reduced this by having some of our staffs multi skilled so they can work both on the shop floor and on the till.10. Do you have a customer service desk? Yes we do it is located at the entrance of the store.11. How do yo u check if your Customer services methods are working? Aaarh Im not really sure though, I think by how much profit we make at the end of the week.12. How do you monitor customer services? We use different methods like mystery shoppers, suggestion boxes, focus groups and questionnaires. But I think we use the suggestion boxes and mystery shoppers most.13. How much experience is needed to be a customer services consultant? No experience is usually needed as our new recruits are usually trained to receive the best customer service training, although we usually prefer staffs with anterior experience but usually no experience is needed.Thank you for time. later on analyzing this questionnaire tescos treat their customers in a very good manner especially with the complaints depending on the situation it might as well be dealt with by the store manager which is very good for the customer and the store as the customer will be happy to explain what really happened and also the store manger will know what they did wrong there by ensuring it doesnt happen again. Also their staffs are also well trained to be a customer service consultant.They also have a safety book which tells their staffs what they need to know if any thing occurs. They also ensure their store and warehouse are kept clean and tidy to prevent accidents from occurring to both staffs and customers.